I'm using Regex in R and I am trying to capture a specific measurement of cardiac wall thickness that has 1-2 digits and 0-2 decimals as in:

"maximum thickness of lv wall= 1.5"

yet I want to exclude instances where (after|myectomy|resection) is somewhere after the word "thickness"

So I wrote the following regex code:

pattern <- "(?i)(?<=thickness)(?!(\\s{0,10}[[:alpha:]]{1,100}){0,8}\\s{0,10}(after|myectomy|resection))(?:(?:\\s{0,10}[[:alpha:]]{0,100}){0,8}\\s{0,10}[:=\\(]?)\\d{1,3}\\.?\\d{0,3}"

you can test it against this sample dataframe (every measurement in this example should match, except the last one):

df <- tibble(
  test = c("maximum size of thickness in base to mid of anteroseptal wall(1.7cm)",
           "(anterolateral and inferoseptal wall thickness:1.6cm)",
           "hypertrophy in apical segments maximom thickness=1.6cm with sparing of posterior wall",
           "septal thickness=1cm",
           "LV apical segments with maximal thickness 1.7 cm and dynamic",
           "septal thickness after myectomy=1cm")
)

this regex code works for Matching what I want; the problem is that here I want to capture the measurements only, yet the sections behind the measurement are also getting captured although I have stated otherwise through none-capturing groups ?: .

Check this image out that is a result of stringr::str_view(df$test, pattern):

CodePudding user response：

You can use

pattern <- "(?i)(?<=\\bthickness(?:\\s{1,10}(?!(?:after|myectomy|resection)\\b)[a-zA-Z]{1,100}){0,8}\\s{0,10}[:=(]?)\\d{1,3}(?:\\.\\d{1,3})?"
str_view(df$test, pattern)

Output:

See the regex demo (JavaScript engine in modern browsers supports unlimited length lookbehind).

Details:

• (?<= - start of the positive lookbehind that requires the following sequence of patterns to match immediately to the left of the current location:
  • \bthickness - whole word thickness
  • (?:\s{1,10}(?!(?:after|myectomy|resection)\b)[a-zA-Z]{1,100}){0,8} - zero to eight occurrences of
    • \s{1,10} - one to ten whitespaces
    • (?!(?:after|myectomy|resection)\b) - no after, mectomy and resection words are allowed immediately to the right of the current location
    • [a-zA-Z]{1,100} - 1 to 100 ASCII letters
  • \s{0,10} - zero to ten whitespaces
  • [:=(]? - an optional :, = or ( char
• ) - end of the positive lookbehind
• \d{1,3} - one to three digits
• (?:\.\d{1,3})? - an optional sequence of a . and then one to three digits.

CodePudding user response：

Maybe you break it down to smaller steps.

tt <- regmatches(s, regexpr("(?i)thickness.*?\\d{1,3}(\\.\\d{1,3})?", s, perl = TRUE))
is.na(tt) <- grep("after|myectomy|resection", tt)
sub("[^0-9]*", "", tt)
#[1] "1.7" "1.6" "1.6" "1"   "1.7" NA

Data:

s <- c("maximum size of thickness in base to mid of anteroseptal wall(1.7cm)",
       "(anterolateral and inferoseptal wall thickness:1.6cm)",
       "hypertrophy in apical segments maximom thickness=1.6cm with sparing of posterior wall",
       "septal thickness=1cm",
       "LV apical segments with maximal thickness 1.7 cm and dynamic",
       "septal thickness after myectomy=1cm")