How to store value, received in delegate class, inside external one?-CodePudding

There is a BLEManager class, that is responsible for scanning, connecting, and receiving data from Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) devices. Looks like that:

class BLEManager: ObservableObject, OtherProtocols {
    private var myCentral: CBCentralManager!
    @Published var data = 0.0

    override init() {
        super.init()

        myCentral = CBCentralManager(delegate: self, queue: nil)
        myCentral.delegate = self
    }

    // ...some functions that scan, establish connection, etc.

    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateValueFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
        // here I receive raw value, handle it and get a data to work with
        
        data = 10.0 // imagine it's the data received from BLE device 
    } 
}

Right now the "data to work with" is stored inside this class. I'd like to move this data in such a way, so the current class (BLEManager) is responsible for the BLE logic only, and data is stored together with other user data. Is it possible in Swift?

P.s. I'm pretty new to Swift. Have experience in JS.

EDITED

In the current case, BLEmanager receives data from one specific peripheral. The data represents a human weight, to be clear. Other than that, there is a struct with human biometric data (age, height, gender). At the end of the day, biometric data data from the device (weight) are closely related and are used in the same calculations.

CodePudding user response：

If you plan to connect to a single device, I would keep this very simple, and let BLEManager pass this data to a delegate as it comes in. The delegate would then be responsible for deciding what to do with the data. Swift by Sundell has a nice introduction to delegates if you're not familiar with the pattern.

You'd make a separate object, a "DataManager" or whatever you'd like to call it, and it would be the delegate to the BLEManager (and would own the BLEManager). Whenever new data comes in, call methods like bleManager(_:didReceiveWeight:) or bleManager(_:didReceiveBiometricData:).

This will split up the process of getting data from the device from managing that data and performing computations, which I think is a worthy goal.

If this is a "real" project, and you're just starting, I highly recommend this pattern. It's well understood, there are dozens of blog posts about it going back many years. It's easy to understand and implement. The only pattern that's even easier to implement is to post Notifications, from BLEManager.

On the other hand, if this is more of an exploration, and you want to jump into the deep-end and the future of Swift (and limit yourself to iOS 15), you could also look at AsyncStream to emit new values as they occur into an AsyncSequence. That eventually will likely be the "Swifty" way to do this. But it's a much steeper learning curve, and the tools are not all fully developed yet, and no one really knows how to use it yet (not even Apple; it's just too new). If getting in on the ground floor of technology excites you, it's an area that everyone is exploring right now.

But if you just want this thing to work, or you want to focus on learning Swift right now rather than learning "the future of Swift," I'd use a delegate.

CodePudding user response：

I'd like to move this data in such a way, so the current class (BLEManager) is responsible for the BLE logic only, and data is stored together with other user data

This is a good mindset, as currently your BLEManager breaks the Single Responsibility Principle, i.e. has multiple responsibilities. The ObservedObject part is a SwiftUI specific thing, so it makes sense to be extracted out of that class.

Now, implementation-wise, one first step that you could make, is to transform the data property to a publisher. This will allow clients to connect to the data stream, and allows you to circulate the publisher instead of the BLEManager class, in the rest of your app.

import Combine

class BLEManager: OtherProtocols {
    // you can use `Error` instead of `Never` if you also want to
    // report errors which make the stream come to an end
    lazy var dataPublisher: AnyPublisher<Int, Never> { _data.eraseToAnyPublisher() }

    private var myCentral: CBCentralManager!

    // hiding/encapsulating the true nature of the publisher
    private var _dataPublisher = PassthroughSubject<Int, Never>()

    // ...

    func peripheral(_ peripheral: CBPeripheral, didUpdateValueFor characteristic: CBCharacteristic, error: Error?) {
        _dataPublisher.send(10.0) // imagine it's the data received from BLE device 
    }

This way anyone who's interested in receiving BLE data simply subscribes to that publisher.

Now, on the receiving side, assuming that you also need an ObservableObject for your SwiftUI view, you can write something along of the following:

class ViewModel: ObservableObject {
    @Published var data: Int = 0
    
    init(dataPublisher: AnyPublisher<Int, Never>) {
        // automatically updates `data` when new values arrive
        dataPublisher.assign(to: &$data)
    }
}

If you don't use SwiftUI (I assumed you do, due to the ObservableObject conformance), then you can sink to the same publisher in order to receive the data.

Either SwiftUI, or UIKit, once you have a BLEManager instantiated somewhere, you can hide it from the rest of the app, and still provide the means to subscribe to the BLE data, by circulating the publisher. This also helps with the separation of concerns in the rest of the app.