How to transition a line from solid to dotted in ggplot2-CodePudding

I got the following data on Ecuador's GDP growth and forecast by the IMF.

I want to make a graph, that from 2015 to 2021 is a line (geom_line), but from 2022 to 2026 is a dotted line, I want this to show that from 2022 is the forecast.

This is my code, but I don't know how to state the condition.

forecast %>%
 filter(Year >= 2015L & Year <= 2026L) %>%
 ggplot()  
 aes(x = Year, y = `Real GDP Growth`)  
 geom_line(size = 0.75, colour = "#B22222")  
 labs(x = "Year", y = "GDP Growth", title = "Ecuador's Real GDP growth Forecast", subtitle = "Forecast done by the World Economic Outlook")  
 theme_light()  
 theme(plot.title = element_text(size = 18L, face = "bold", hjust = 0.5), plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 13L, 
 hjust = 0.5), axis.title.y = element_text(size = 13L, face = "bold"), axis.title.x = element_text(size = 13L, 
 face = "bold")) scale_x_continuous(n.breaks=11) geom_hline(yintercept = 0, lty=5, size=0.75)

Here is the data:

structure(list(Year = c(1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1986, 
1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 
1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 
2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 
2020, 2021, 2022, 2023, 2024, 2025, 2026), `Real GDP Growth` = c(4.9, 
3.9, 1.2, -2.8, 4.2, 4.4, 3.1, -6, 10.5, 0.3, 3, 5.1, 3.6, 2, 
4.3, 2.3, 1.7, 4.3, 3.3, -4.7, 1.1, 4, 4.1, 2.7, 8.2, 5.3, 4.4, 
2.2, 6.4, 0.6, 3.5, 7.9, 5.6, 4.9, 3.8, 0.1, -1.2, 2.4, 1.3, 
0, -7.8, 2.8, 3.5, 2.5, 2.6, 2.8, 2.8)), class = c("tbl_df", 
"tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -47L))

The final graph, should look like this:

Thanks in advance for all the help.

CodePudding user response：

Give this a go - I subset your data into two groups for the two line types, and did a bit of reorganization and simplification of the rest:

ggplot()  
  aes(x = Year, y = `Real GDP Growth`)  
  geom_line(data = filter(forecast, Year <= 2021), size = 0.75, colour = "#B22222")  
  geom_line(data = filter(forecast, Year >= 2021), size = 0.75, colour = "#B22222", linetype = "dotted")  
  labs(
    x = "Year", y = "GDP Growth", 
    title = "Ecuador's Real GDP growth Forecast", 
    subtitle = "Forecast done by the World Economic Outlook")  
  scale_x_continuous(n.breaks = 11)   
  geom_hline(yintercept = 0, lty = 5, size = 0.75)  
  theme_light()  
  theme(
    plot.title = element_text(size = 18L, face = "bold", hjust = 0.5),
    plot.subtitle = element_text(size = 13L, hjust = 0.5),
    axis.title = element_text(size = 13L, face = "bold")
  )