How to create frames inside Tkinter windows-CodePudding

I am trying to create frames inside tkinter windows so that I can create label and entry widgets inside the frames but I am not succeeding. I am actually trying to develop a management system. Kindly, can someone help me edit the codes below to create the frames inside the "Schain" and "HR" windows? I will appreciate it.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.constants import *

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("1200x900")
root.title("Hospital Management System")

schain_active = False
hr_active = False
root_active = True


# menus for the HR DPT
class HRWindow(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.add_menus()
        self.add_content()

    def add_menus(self):
        # menus for the HR DPT

        menubar = tk.Menu(self)

        File = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        File.add_command(label='Open File')
        File.add_command(label='Save')
        File.add_command(label='Exit')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=File)

        Departments = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Departments.add_command(label='Human Resource Department',command=HR_change)
        Departments.add_command(label='Supply chain Department',command=Schain_change)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Departments", menu=Departments)

        Help = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Help.add_command(label='About ihms')
        Help.add_command(label='Manual')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=Help)

        Settings = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Settings.add_command(label='Log Out')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Settings", menu=Settings)

        #configure menu for root
        self.config(menu=menubar)
    
    def add_content(self):
        # content in self window pages

        HRmainframe=tk.Frame(HR, width=900, height=800, bd=1, padx=20, pady=20, bg=”red”, relief=RIDGE)
HRmainframe.grid()

        Email = tk.Label(HRmainframe, text="Email")
        Email.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
        Emailentry = tk.Entry(HRmainframe, width=40)
        Emailentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

class SchainWindow(tk.Tk):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.add_content()
    
    def add_content(self):
schainmainframe=tk.Frame(Schain, width=900, height=800, bd=1, padx=20, pady=20, bg=”blue”, relief=RIDGE)
schainmainframe.grid()

        name = tk.Label(schainmainframe, text="Name")
        name.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
        nameentry = tk.Entry(schainmainframe, width=40)
        nameentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)



def HR_change():
    global HR, schain_active, hr_active, root_active

    HR = HRWindow()
    HR.geometry("1200x900")
    HR.title("HR")
    hr_active = True

    if root_active:
        root.destroy()
        root_active = False
    
    if schain_active:
        Schain.destroy()
        schain_active = False

def Schain_change():
    global Schain, hr_active, schain_active, root_active

    Schain = SchainWindow()
    Schain.geometry("1200x900")
    Schain.title("SUPPLY CHAIN")
    schain_active = True
    
    if root_active:
        root.destroy()
        root_active = False

    if hr_active:
        HR.destroy()
        hr_active = False

# menus for the root
menubar = tk.Menu(root)

File  = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
File.add_command(label='Open File')
File.add_command(label='Save')
File.add_command(label='Exit')
menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=File)

Departments = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Departments.add_command(label='Human Resource Department',command=HR_change)
Departments.add_command(label='Supply chain Department',command=Schain_change)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Departments", menu=Departments)

Help = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Help.add_command(label='About ihms')
Help.add_command(label='Manual')
menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=Help)

Settings = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Settings.add_command(label='Log Out')
menubar.add_cascade(label="Settings", menu=Settings)

#configure menu for root
root.config(menu=menubar)


# content in root window pages
name = tk.Label(root, text="Name")
name.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
nameentry = tk.Entry(root, width=40)
nameentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

Age = tk.Label(root, text="Age")
Age.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=10, pady=20, sticky=W)
Ageentry = tk.Entry(root, width=40)
Ageentry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

# destroy the program
root.mainloop()

CodePudding user response：

There are some other issues with the code that I haven't resolved below but this does resolve the original issue of frames not being shown in the children windows.

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter.constants import *

root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("1200x900")
root.title("Hospital Management System")

schain_active = False
hr_active = False
root_active = True


# menus for the HR DPT
class HRWindow(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.add_menus()
        self.add_content()

    def add_menus(self):
        # menus for the HR DPT

        menubar = tk.Menu(self)

        File = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        File.add_command(label='Open File')
        File.add_command(label='Save')
        File.add_command(label='Exit')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=File)

        Departments = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Departments.add_command(label='Human Resource Department',command=HR_change)
        Departments.add_command(label='Supply chain Department',command=Schain_change)
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Departments", menu=Departments)

        Help = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Help.add_command(label='About ihms')
        Help.add_command(label='Manual')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=Help)

        Settings = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
        Settings.add_command(label='Log Out')
        menubar.add_cascade(label="Settings", menu=Settings)

        #configure menu for root
        self.config(menu=menubar)
    
    def add_content(self):
        # content in self window pages

        HRmainframe=tk.Frame(self, width=900, height=800, bd=1, padx=20, pady=20, bg="red", relief=RIDGE)
        HRmainframe.grid()

        Email = tk.Label(HRmainframe, text="Email")
        Email.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
        Emailentry = tk.Entry(HRmainframe, width=40)
        Emailentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

class SchainWindow(tk.Toplevel):
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)

        self.add_content()
    
    def add_content(self):
        schainmainframe=tk.Frame(self, width=900, height=800, bd=1, padx=20, pady=20, bg="blue", relief=RIDGE)
        schainmainframe.grid()

        name = tk.Label(schainmainframe, text="Name")
        name.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
        nameentry = tk.Entry(schainmainframe, width=40)
        nameentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)



def HR_change():
    global HR, schain_active, hr_active, root_active

    HR = HRWindow()
    HR.geometry("1200x900")
    HR.title("HR")
    hr_active = True

def Schain_change():
    global Schain, hr_active, schain_active, root_active

    Schain = SchainWindow()
    Schain.geometry("1200x900")
    Schain.title("SUPPLY CHAIN")
    schain_active = True

# menus for the root
menubar = tk.Menu(root)

File  = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
File.add_command(label='Open File')
File.add_command(label='Save')
File.add_command(label='Exit')
menubar.add_cascade(label="File", menu=File)

Departments = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Departments.add_command(label='Human Resource Department',command=HR_change)
Departments.add_command(label='Supply chain Department',command=Schain_change)
menubar.add_cascade(label="Departments", menu=Departments)

Help = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Help.add_command(label='About ihms')
Help.add_command(label='Manual')
menubar.add_cascade(label="Help", menu=Help)

Settings = tk.Menu(menubar, tearoff=0)
Settings.add_command(label='Log Out')
menubar.add_cascade(label="Settings", menu=Settings)

#configure menu for root
root.config(menu=menubar)


# content in root window pages
name = tk.Label(root, text="Name")
name.grid(row=1, column=0, padx=10, pady=2, sticky=W)
nameentry = tk.Entry(root, width=40)
nameentry.grid(row=1, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

Age = tk.Label(root, text="Age")
Age.grid(row=2, column=0, padx=10, pady=20, sticky=W)
Ageentry = tk.Entry(root, width=40)
Ageentry.grid(row=2, column=1, padx=10, pady=20)

# destroy the program
root.mainloop()

I've removed the sections of code that destroy the root window since an application should always have one and only one Tk instance.

CodePudding user response：

When you create a class that inherits from a widget and you want to put frames inside that object, you need to place them in self.

Instead of this:

def add_content(self):
    schainmainframe=tk.Frame(Schain, ...)
    ...

It needs to be this:

def add_content(self):
    schainmainframe=tk.Frame(self, ...)
    ...

You need to make a similar change in the other add_content method.

You also have two root windows which is not how tkinter is designed to be used. Unless you have a fairly deep understanding of tkinter, you should only have a single instance of Tk. I don't know if that's contributing to your problem, but it will certainly cause behavior that you don't expect.