How to solve M times prefix sum with better time complexity-CodePudding

The problem is to find the prefix sum of array of length N by repeating the process M times. e.g.

Example N=3
M=4
array = 1 2 3
output = 1 6 21
Explanation:
Step 1 prefix Sum = 1 3 6
Step 2 prefix sum = 1 4 10
Step 3 prefix sum = 1 5 15
Step 4(M) prefix sum = 1 6 21

Example 2:
N=5
M=3
array = 1 2 3 4 5
output = 1 5 15 35 70

I was not able to solve the problem and kept getting lime limit exceeded. I used dynamic programming to solve it in O(NM) time. I looked around and found the following general mathematical solution but I still not able to solve it because my math isn't that great to understand it. Can someone solve it in a better time complexity?

https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/234304/sum-of-the-sum-of-the-sum-of-the-first-n-natural-numbers

CodePudding user response：

Hint: 3, 4, 5 and 6, 10, 15 are sections of diagonals on Pascal's Triangle.

JavaScript code:

function f(n, m) {
  const result = [1];
  
  for (let i = 1; i < n; i  )
    result.push(result[i-1] * (m   i   1) / i);
  
  return result;
}

console.log(JSON.stringify(f(3, 4)));
console.log(JSON.stringify(f(5, 3)));