cannot concatenate object of type '<class 'numpy.ndarray'>'; only Series a-CodePudding

I am intending to visualise the data using a pairplot after using StandardScaler, But my code is producing the following error

    raise TypeError(msg)
TypeError: cannot concatenate object of type '<class 'numpy.ndarray'>'; only Series and DataFrame objs are valid

Full code

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd
import numpy as np
from sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler 

iris = sns.load_dataset('iris')
X = iris.drop(columns='species')
y = iris['species']

X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.20, random_state=42)

X_train=StandardScaler().fit_transform(X_train)

sns.pairplot(data=pd.concat([X_train, y_train], axis=1), hue=y_train.name)

plt.show()

CodePudding user response：

After using StandardScaler, your X_train (which was a pd.DataFrame before) has become a numpy.ndarray, so that's why you cannot concat X_train and y_train. Because X_train is a NumPy array and y_train is a Pandas DataFrame

To use concat, both X_train and y_train has to be a Pandas DataFrame, so convert X_train to a DataFrame using this code.

X_train = StandardScaler().fit_transform(X_train)

X_train = pd.DataFrame(X_train, columns = X.columns)
sns.pairplot(data=pd.concat([X_train, y_train], axis=1), hue=y_train.name)
plt.show()

It will work.