Application: itself is files, with executable code, have execute permissions,
Process: is it has launched an executable program running instance,
Check the process:
Static view system processes: ps aux

Parameter: a shows that all of the existing terminal program
U is given priority to with user formats to display the application status of
X is not for different terminal
(1) shows that:
The USER operation process of USER
PID process ID
% CPU CPU usage
% MEM memory usage rate
VSZ use virtual memory
RSS use virtual memory
TTY terminal type
The STAT process state
START the process of START time
Total CPU TIME process TIME
The COMMAND process name

(2) the process of the several states:
R -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- RUNNING state (RUNNING)
S -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- can be terminated sleep (INTERRUPTIBLE)
T -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- state stopped (STOP)
Z -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ZOMBIE, ZOMBIE)
X -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- exit status, process is about to be destroyed
D -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- not terminate sleep (UNINTERRUPTIBLE)




(3) process of parent-child relationships: view commands: ps - ef
PPID parent process ID of the

2. The dynamic view system process: top
1) top view the results is divided into two parts:

Performance parts: first part:
The first line: time: the program name - the system time users load average CPU run time: 1 minute
5 minutes, 15 minutesThe second line: process number statistics: the total number of processes running number number stopped dead sleep
The third line: CPU: us user sy system hardware si ni id free wa priority waiting for hi st virtual machine software
Line 4: memory of
Line 5: swap accounted for
The lower part process parts:
(2) the top of the common internal instruction:
H -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - help, all instructions
M -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- memory usage by the
P -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - CPU usage by the
N -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- according to the size of the PID order
<-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- turning up and down
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- set the color to use digital adjustment
(3) top tips:
Top 1 - p 10126555 - d (1 - d every 1 seconds refresh information - p specified process)
3. The use of signal control process:
Kill: 1 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --
reload configuration2 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- the keyboard interrupt CTRL + c
3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- the keyboard out CTRL + \
9 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- forcibly terminated, unconditional
15 -- -- -- -- -- - normal termination, default signals, the default kill 15
18 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- to continue
19 -- -- -- -- -- -- --
suspended-- -- -- -- -- - the keyboard to suspend CTRL + z

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