Linux is a free to use and the spread of free unix-like operating systems, based on POSIX and Unix is a multiuser, multitasking, and support multithreading and multiple CPU operating system, it can run Unix tools software, main applications and network protocol, which supports both 32-bit and 64 - bit hardware, Linux inherited the Unix network as the core of the design idea, is a stable performance of multi-user network operating system,
Linux command is the command to Linux system management, for Linux system, whether the CPU, memory, disk drives, keyboard, mouse, or user files, such as Linux system administration commands is the core of its normal operation, similar to the DOS command before, Linux command in the system there are two types: internal Shell commands and Linux command,
The command
Function description
Online query and help command (2)
Man
Check command assistance, command dictionary, more complex and info, but not commonly used,
Help
View your Linux built-in command help, such as CD,
File and directory operations command (18)
Ls
Whole put together a list of functions is listed directory attribute information and its content, the content of the
CD
Whole put together change directory, the function switch from the current working directory to the specified working directory,
Cp
Whole put together the copy, and its function to copy a file or directory,
The find
Find the meaning of, to find directories and files in the directory,
The mkdir
Whole put together make directories, its function is to create the directory,
The mv
Whole put together a move, its function is to move or rename files,
The PWD
Whole put together a print working directory, its function is to display the current working directory of the absolute path,
Rename
Used to rename files,
The rm
Whole put together the remove, its function is to remove one or more files or directories,
Rmdir
Whole put together the remove empty directories, the function is to remove empty directory,
Touch
Create a new empty file, change the existing file timestamp attribute,
Tree
Function is based on tree structure according to the contents of the directory,
The basename
Display the file name or directory name,
Dirname
According to a file or directory path,
Chattr
Change the file extension attributes,
Lsattr
Check the file extension attributes,
The file
Shows the type of file
Md5sum
Calculation and check file MD5 value,
Check the file and content processing command (21)
The cat
Whole put together concatenate, the function is used to connect multiple files and print to screen lose
Out or redirect to the specified file,
Tac
Tac is cat reverse spelling, so the function of the command to reverse display file content,
More
Paging display file content,
Less
Paging display file content, instead of more commands usage,
The head
Shows the head of the file content,
Tail
According to the end of the file content,
The cut
The files of each line according to the specified delimiter segmentation and output,
The split
Split files into different pieces,
Paste
According to the merger to the file content,
Sort
The content of the text for file sorting,
Uniq
Remove duplicate rows, oldboy
Wc
Statistical file number of rows, number of words or bytes,
Iconv
Convert file encoding format,
Dos2unix
Convert DOS format file into UNIX format,
The diff
Whole put together difference, comparing the difference between the file, commonly used in text files,
Vimdiff
Command line visualization file comparison tool, often used for text files,
Rev
Reverse the output file content,
The grep/egrep
Filter string, the three musketeers, Lao,
The join
According to the two files in the same field to merge,
Tr
Replace or delete characters,
Vi/vim
Command line text editor,
Command file compression and decompression (4)
The tar
Packing compression, oldboy
Unzip
Unzip the files,
Gzip
Gzip compression tools,
Zip
Compression tools,
Information display command (11)
Uname
According to the operating system information command,
The hostname
Displays or sets the current system of the host name,
Dmesg
According to boot information, used in fault diagnosis system,
Uptime
Display system running time and load,
The stat
Display files or the state of the file system,
Du
Disk space usage,
Df
Report file system disk space usage,
Top
Real-time display system resource usage,
Free
Check the system memory,
The date
Displays and sets the system time,
CAL
View the calendar information such as time,
Search for files command (4)
Which
For binary command, according to the PATH environment variable PATH search,
The find
From the disk traversal search files or directories,
Whereis
For binary command, according to the PATH environment variable PATH search,
Locate the
From the database (/var/lib/mlocate/mlocate db) find command, and use updatedb update library,
User management command (10)
Useradd
Add user,
Usermod
Modify system existing user attributes,
Userdel
Delete users,
Groupadd
Add user groups,
Passwd
Modify the user password.
Chage
Modify the user password expiry date,
Id
Check the user's uid, gid and attribution of user groups,
Su
Switch the user identity,
Visudo
Edit/etc/sudoers file exclusive command,
Sudo
To another user identity (default root) allows command in sudoers file beforehand,
Basic network operation command (11)
Telnet
Using the TELNET protocol remote login,
SSH
Use SSH cryptographic protocol remote login,
SCP
Whole put together secure copy to copy files between different host,
Wget
Command line download file,
Ping
Test network connectivity between hosts,
The route
Display and set the routing tables of Linux system,
The ifconfig
View, configuration, enable or disable the network interface command,
Ifup
Start the adapter,
Ifdown
Close the network card,
Netstat
Check the network status,
Ss
Check the network status,
In-depth network operation command (9)
Nmap
Network scanning order,
The lsof
Full name list open files, which is listed in the system has been open file,
Mail
Send and receive mail,
Mutt
E-mail management command,
Nslookup
Interactive query Internet DNS server command,
Dig
Find a DNS lookup process,
The host
Query DNS command,
Traceroute
Tracking data transmission route condition,
Tcpdump
The command line caught tools,
Command of disk and file system (16)
The mount
Mount the file system,
Umount
Unmount the filesystem,
FSCK
Check and repair the Linux file system,
Dd
Conversion or copying files,
Dumpe2fs
Export however/ext3/corruption file system information,
Dump
However/3/4 file system backup tool,
Fdisk
Disk partition command, suitable for below 2 TB disk partitions,
Parted
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